The machine tool industry has always been an important strategic layout point for major countries and leading enterprises. With the future changes and adjustments in the manufacturing landscape, especially for the global automotive, aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing and other highly strategic industries, the machine tool industry is an important strategic fulcrum, will play an important role in the future competitiveness lever. Made in China 2025" will be CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment as "to accelerate the breakthrough of the strategic battlefield", which puts forward the need to strengthen the forward-looking deployment and breakthroughs in key technologies, and actively plan to seize the future of scientific and technological and industrial competition in manufacturing turf, and to improve the level of the international division of labor and the right to speak.
First, the development of China's CNC machine tools status quo
In recent years, under the background of favorable national policies and the continuous pursuit of innovation by enterprises, China's CNC machine tool industry has developed rapidly. Data show that in 2019, the scale of China's CNC machine tool industry reached 327 billion yuan. Affected by the epidemic and energy supply restrictions, the market size of China's CNC machine tool industry declined slightly in 2020, with a market size of 247.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year decline of 24.4%.In 2021, the market size of China's CNC machine tool industry will return to growth, reaching 268.7 billion yuan. China Business Industry Research Institute predicts that the scale of CNC machine tool industry will reach 295.7 billion yuan in 2022. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China actively cultivates advanced manufacturing clusters and promotes the innovative development of high-end CNC machine tool industry. It is expected that the industry will usher in a period of rapid development.
Source: China Business Industry Research Institute.
CNC machine tool is the abbreviation of computer numerical control machine tool, which is an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically process the program with control codes or other symbolic instructions, decode it, represent it with coded numbers, and input it into the numerical control device through the information carrier. After operation, the CNC device sends out a variety of control signals to control the machine tool action, in accordance with the drawing requirements of the shape and size of the automatic processing of parts.
Second, China's CNC machine tools stalling point
1. From a technical point of view, China's production of CNC machine tools, especially high-end CNC machine tools, generally do not master the core technology, more in the assembly and manufacturing process. Key components, basic high-end materials and other core technologies are controlled by people. The self-sufficiency rate of high-end materials and components is insufficient. High-end chips, high-quality large castings and forgings, high-performance motors, high-specification bearings, high-end manufacturing materials are mostly imported from abroad. The shortcomings of China's CNC machine tools are mainly reflected in.
It is the host, the core components of the spindle and feed mechanism is our shortcomings.
Second, CNC equipment. The core of CNC machine tools, including hardware printed circuit boards and the corresponding software, are obvious shortcomings in the country.
The third part is the drive device. The drive part of the CNC machine tool actuator includes the spindle drive unit, feed unit spindle motor and feed motor. As the core components of CNC machine tools, China still needs to import.
2. From the market point of view, the market share of CNC machine tool enterprises is low. Chinese CNC machine tool enterprises lack high-level and high-quality talents, have low R&D capability, limited production capacity and low market share. Their development is mainly based on capacity expansion of low-end products, and insufficient R&D investment in high-end CNC machine tools. In the international ranking of CNC machine tool enterprises, China's CNC machine tool manufacturers ranked backward, with low visibility and insufficient attention. In all brands of CNC machine tools, users of Germany, the United States, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan Province of China and other brands of CNC machine tools has accounted for more than 60% of the total market.
3. CNC machine tool performance backward. The overall level of China's industrial base is not high, the lack of independent core technology, coupled with the blockade of foreign machinery manufacturing technology, resulting in a large gap between the performance and quality of domestically produced CNC machine tools and foreign countries. First, the domestic high-grade CNC machine tool reliability is poor, high failure rate, unstable performance; Second, the domestic high-grade CNC machine tool machining accuracy can not meet the higher requirements; Third, the domestic high-grade CNC machine tool machinability is insufficient, can not be competent in some complex machining, it is difficult to get the majority of the user's recognition, affecting the scope of application.
High-speed CNC machine tools
Third, China's high-end CNC machine tool policy scanning
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Deputy Director Luo Junjie said, CNC machine tools is the industry's "machine tools". The development of high-end CNC machine tools is not only the objective needs of the supply-side structural reform in the field of industry and information, but also the realization of the deep development strategy of civil-military integration, to ensure the urgent requirements of national security.
1.2009, the national science and technology major CNC machine tool project, namely high-grade CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment project was officially launched. Since the implementation of the special project, a total of 3956 invention patents have been applied for, 2951 new products and technologies have been developed, and the new output value is about 70.6 billion yuan. Through the implementation of the special, breakthroughs in a number of key core technologies, to solve the key national defense projects "bottleneck" problem, to meet the national economy in key areas of the important key high-grade CNC equipment urgent needs. Some products have reached the international advanced level and entered the market of developed countries.
Statistics show that over the past eight years, the implementation of the special at the beginning of the 57 key host products identified, 38 to reach the international advanced level. The average trouble-free operation time of machine tools has increased from 400 ~ 500 hours to about 1200 hours, and some products have reached the international advanced level of 2000 hours. In the field of high-grade CNC system, it also broke the monopoly of foreign technology and realized the batch matching of key functional components. The domestic market share grew from less than 1% to about 5%. The special standard of "five-axis linkage machine tool S-shaped test piece" was approved by the International Standards Committee, realizing the "zero" breakthrough in the field of international standards for China's high-grade CNC machine tools.
2. The "Made in China 2025" released by the state also puts forward that by 2025, the CNC rate of key processes in China should be increased from the current 33% to 64%.